PROFIL EFEK SAMPING OBAT ANTIVIRAL PADA PASIEN COVID DI RUMAH SAKIT X BALI PERIODE TAHUN 2020.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37294/jrkn.v5i2.340Abstract
Coronavirus Disease2019 (COVID-19) menjadi pandemi sejak awal tahun 2020 di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Penularan terjadi antara manusia ke manusia melalui droplet yang keluar saat batuk atau bersin serta melalui sentuhan dengan benda mati. Penelitian terkait obat-obatan dalam menangani pasien Covid-19 terus berlanjut hingga saat ini.Â
Adanya obat baru tersebut tentunya tidak hanya efektifitas yang dicari melainkan aspek keamanan perlu dipertimbangkan oleh karena itu kita dituntut untuk lebih mengetahui lebih banyak efek samping dari obat. Maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan frekuensi efek samping antiviral pada penderita Covid-19. Penelitian bersifat cross-sectional retrospektif dengan mengambil data dari rekam medis pasien covid-19 dewasa di Rumah Sakit X Bali, Indonesia, pada periode tahun 2020. Data selanjutnya dilakukan penghitungan skor algoritma Naranjo yang dicocokan dengan skala potensi efek samping. Data yang diambil adalah jenis antiviral, profil pasien Covid-19, efek samping yang muncul, serta LOS pasien COVID-19.
Terdapat 3 macam antiviral yang digunakan selama tahun 2020 yaitu hidroksiklorokuin, Oseltamivir dan favipiravir. Efek samping kemungkinan besar rasa tidak nyaman di perut (probable) pada Hidroksiklorokuin, Oseltamivir, Favipiravir berturut-turut ; 34%, .37% dan 25%. ESO mual pada Hidroksiklorokuin, Oseltamivir, Favipiravir berturut-turut ; 23%, 22%, 17%. Efek samping possible(skala Naranjo 4) pusing dan tidak napsu makan. ESO pusing pada Hidroksiklorokuin, Oseltamivir, Favipiravir berturut-turut ; 8%, 13%, 17% sedangkan ESO tidak adanya napsu makan Hidroksiklorokuin, Oseltamivir, Favipiravir berturut-turut ; 12%, 15%, 8%. Skala Naranjo 0 (doubtful) berupa kulit bersisik (Xerosis cutis) yaitu pada obat favipiravir. Kesimpulan ; Penggunaan antivirus dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam efek samping akan tetapi tidak ditemukan efek samping pada pasien covid-19 yang fatal pada penelitian ini.
Kata kunci: Efek samping, antiviral, covid-19
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