GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN, SELF-EFFICACY, DAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN DEMAM BERDARAH PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37294/jrkn.v3i2.165Keywords:
pengetahuan, efikasi-diri, perilaku, demam berdarahAbstract
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Demam Berdarah (DB) hingga saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan utama di masyarakat, dimana pengendalian vektor tetap menjadi pilihan utama sebagai upaya pencegahannya. Siswa sekolah dasar merupakan salah satu sektor yang efektif untuk diikutsertakan dalam upaya pencegahan demam berdarah. Hanya saja sebelum melibatkan siswa, perlu diketahui sejauhmana pengetahuan, efikasi-diri, dan perilaku siswa dalam melakukan pencegahan demam berdarah. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 299 siswa kelas lima di enam sekolah dasar yang berada di wilayah Desa Panjer dan Sesetan. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan “Kuesioner Demam Berdarahâ€, yang terbagi menjadi: 1) karakteristik responden (8 item); 2) pengetahuan tentang demam berdarah (12 item); 3) efikasi diri untuk melakukan pencegahan demam berdarah (6 item); dan 4) perilaku pencegahan demam berdarah (5 item.). Hasil: Terkait pengetahuan, mayoritas siswa mengetahui tentang vektor (72%) dan karakteristik vektor penyebab demam berdarah (94%). Untuk efikasi-diri, mayoritas siswa (≥50%) menjawab yakin bahwa mereka dapat melakukan tindakan pencegahan demam berdarah. Sedangkan untuk perilaku, terdapat sekitar 20-50% responden yang tidak melakukan tindakan pencegahan demam berdarah. Kesimpulan: Masih diperlukan adanya kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan tentang demam berdarah bagi siswa sekolah dasar, yang tidak hanya berfokus pada pemberian informasi, namun juga meningkatkan efikasi-diri dan perilaku siswa dalam melakukan tindakan-tindakan pencegahan.
Kata Kunci: pengetahuan, efikasi-diri, perilaku, demam berdarah
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue Fever is still a major health problem in the community, whereas vector control remains as the main effort to prevent it. Elementary school students is one of the effective sectors that should be included in dengue prevention program. However, before involve them in the program, it is necessary to know their knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior regarding dengue prevention. Method: This study used descriptive design, with cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 299 fifth grade students in six elementary schools that located in Panjer and Sesetan villages. Data in this study were collected using “Dengue Fever Questionnaireâ€, which was divided into: 1) respondent characteristics (8 items); 2) knowledge of dengue fever (12 items); 3) self-efficacy to do dengue prevention (6 items); and 4) behavior to overcome dengue fever (5 items). Results: Regarding knowledge, most of students know about dengue’s vector (72%) and vector’s characteristic (94%). For self-efficacy, majority of students (≥ 50%) believe that they can take action to against dengue. As for behavior, around 20-50% of students didn’t take action to prevent dengue. Conclusion: There is still a need for dengue health education for elementary school students, which not only depend on providing information, but also increase self-efficacy and student’s behavior to do dengue preventing action.
Keyword: knowledge, self-efficacy, behavior, dengue fever
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References
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